Latviešu Lielāka vai mazāka mēroga pārmaiņas ir neizbēgama ikvienas organizācijas darbības sastāvdaļa. Tām var būt dažādi sociāli, politiski un ekonomiski iemesli, kas var veicināt gan iepriekš stratēģiski rūpīgi plānotas pārmaiņas, gan arī tādas, kas norisinās strauji kādu iepriekš neparedzamu notikumu dēļ. Tādēļ mūsdienu strauji mainīgajā pasaulē, pārmaiņu tematika kļūst arvien aktuālāka arī tādu organizāciju vidū kā muzeji, kuru darbība ierasti saistās drīzāk ar saglabāšanu nemainīgā stāvoklī. Pētījuma tēmas izvēle saistīta ar pēdējās desmitgadēs vērojamo arvien straujāko muzeju nozares attīstību un tās nepieciešamību pielāgoties jauniem izaicinājumiem, kas radusies gan ekonomisku vai politisku norišu dēļ, gan saistīta ar sabiedriskās domas attīstību. Sabiedrības mainīgās prasības liek muzejiem arvien aktīvāk meklēt pamatojumu savai pastāvēšanai, lielāku uzmanību pievēršot muzeja ekonomiskajam un sociālajam devumam. Šīs pārmaiņas ietekmējušas arī Latvijas muzeju nozari, kas kopš Latvijas neatkarības atgūšanas ir atradusies nepārtrauktu pārmaiņu procesā, veidojot jaunu likumdošanas sistēmu, pielāgojoties augošajām apmeklētāju prasībām un, bieži vien, nepietiekamam finansējumam. Tomēr par būtiskākajām pārmaiņām pēdējo gadu laikā var runāt saistībā ar 2008. gada pasaules globālo ekonomisko krīzi, kas pēkšņi un negaidīti ietekmējusi daudzu muzeju darbību, liekot pieņemt neordinārus un bieži vien nepopulārus lēmumus. |
Angļu The title of the master’s work is „Economic Crisis as Catalyst to Change in Latvian Museums”. Change is an inevitable reality in all organizations. During the last twenty years the museum sector has been subjected to increasing development and necessity to change. The most rapid changes have been brought by the Global economic crisis of 2008, which affected museum activities throughout the world. The aim of the master’s work is to trace the change that has occurred in the Latvian museums as a reaction to the global economic crisis, to evaluate their consequences and to determine possible trends in future development. In order to achieve this goal, the author looks trough the theories that have determined the museological thought during the last decades, evaluates the effects of the economic crisis on museum field and analyses the possible solutions to its after effects. The effects of crisis on the Latvian museum sector have been researched on the basis of legislation acts, documents, academic researches and public opinions of museum leaders and administration officers. After the economic crisis the Latvian museum sector has suffered from significant changes. These changes are grounded not only on economic, but mostly – political reasons. Political decisions have determined the decrease of financial support to the public museums and caused significant change in administrative system. Similarly to many other countries, administrative system of Latvian museums after crisis has tended to centralization and direct control. Surprisingly, after these unpleasant political decisions and cuts in public funding, Latvian museum sector has expressed almost no public opinions or protests. Economic crisis has left significant effects on Latvian museum sector that influences its future development, such as the growing significance of museum’s economic contribution. Museum internal management has experienced significant changes such as growing importance of director’s role and necessity for museum leadership skills. A relevant problem is the motivation and remuneration of the museum employees who after the economic crisis worked mostly on the basis of enthusiasm. Another critical tendency is the lack of evaluation of those political and managerial decisions that have been made as a reaction to the crisis. Until now such evaluations have been absent but it would be an urgent necessity in order to plan the future development of Latvian museum sector. |
