Latviešu Pētījuma tēmas atslēgas koncepts ir tradīcija, kas, saskaņā ar amerikāņu folklorista, pētnieka S. Bronnera definīciju, ir kultūrā veidots atkārtotu prakšu kopums1, kas ir neatņemama cilvēka dzīves un jebkuras kopienas pastāvēšanas sastāvdaļa. Tradīcijas koncepts pēdējo desmitgažu laikā ir aktualizējies kā sociālo, tā humanitāro zinātņu pētījumos, gan uzskatot to par uz pagātni orientēto identitātes aspektu, kas raksturīgs mazām, pirms-industriālām kopienām, gan arī attiecinot to uz industriālās un postindustriālās sabiedrības ilgtspējas aspektiem. Otrais viedoklis populārs kļuvis salīdzinoši nesen, saistībā ar nemateriālā kultūras mantojuma (turpmāk – NKM) aktualizāciju kultūrpolitikā, t.sk. UNESCO konvencijā2,, runājot par NKM kā sabiedrības izaugsmes veicinošu faktoru 21. gadsimtā. Šī maģistra darba ietvaros tiek analizētas lībiešu kopienas tradīcijas, kas ir iezīmējušās pēdējo trīsdesmit gadu laikā. |
Angļu The master’s thesis “Significance of Institutional Factors in the Process of Sustaining Traditions. Case of Kurzeme Liv” is written by Agnese Treimane. It focuses on the contemporary context of the existence and safeguarding of a tradition. In this paper institutional factors have been chosen as the element of mentioned context for further analysis. They were applied to and analyzed in context of the contemporary community of Kurzeme Liv in order to answer the research question: what is the significance and impact of analyzed seven institutional factors on the safeguarding of the traditions of Kurzeme Liv’s community nowadays. In the first chapter a wide analysis of the concept ‘tradition’ and its connection to the concept ‘community’ has been carried out. A conclusion has been made that nowadays wide range of interpretations of the concept ‘tradition’ exists. Nevertheless as the main can be named such characteristic elements of a tradition as repetition, transmission to the next generation, symbolic meaning, aspects of constructing identity, adjustment and innovation, as well as tradition-bearers, who consider this tradition important. In the second chapter a historical description of Liv ethnos has been given as well as analysis of their contemporary traditional practices. By analyzing the community of Liv it was concluded that it is problematic to consider them as a community, since such characteristics of a community as a common territory, common type of everyday communication, a common understanding of the community, common goals for the future are lacking. By carrying out interviews with the members of the community, it was noticed that they have difficulties to identify the most significant contemporary traditions of Liv. Nevertheless, it was possible to identify several most notable traditions: Liv Festivity, Liv Flag Celebration, ritual of bird wakening, annual youth camp, traditional symbolism, folklore, traditional costumes, cuisine, elements of language, contemporary activities (such as publishing of the yearbook). In the third chapter an institutional factor model is introduced. It is proposed in this paper that regarding Liv community and its traditions seven institutional factors can be applied: educational, governmental, organizational, economical, communicative, performative and heritage conservation. The impacts of all these factors cannot be equally attributed to all of the mentioned traditions, since each of them reach different target groups. The impact is changing in time, factors are interrelated and interdependent. Summary of these aspects and their significance have been given in the last chapter. All in all the goal of this paper has been reached by analyzing proposed factors and thus gaining deeper understanding of the concept ‘tradition’. In the perspective, this institutional factor model could be also applied to other traditions, in their analysis, by adapting and improving it. Thus it would be possible to develop a new approach for tradition analysis in contemporary times. |
